Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation é uma condição cutânea caracterizada pelo aumento da pigmentação da pele após uma inflamação. Pode ser causada por exposição prolongada ao sol, inflamação ou outras lesões cutâneas, inclusive as relacionadas à acne. Pessoas com tons de pele mais escuros geralmente são mais propensas à hiperpigmentação quando expostas excessivamente ao sol.
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ReferencesPostinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) é um problema de pele frequente que ocorre após uma inflamação ou lesão cutânea. Tende a persistir por muito tempo e é mais comum em pessoas com tons de pele mais escuros (Fitzpatrick skin types III–VI). Embora muitas vezes melhore espontaneamente, isso pode levar algum tempo, por isso o tratamento costuma ser necessário por um período prolongado. A combinação de diferentes abordagens terapêuticas costuma ser mais eficaz.
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a common acquired cutaneous disorder occurring after skin inflammation or injury. It is chronic and is more common and severe in darker-skinned individuals (Fitzpatrick skin types III–VI). While the condition typically improves spontaneously, this process can take months to years, necessitating prolonged treatment. Combination therapy is the most effective.
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a common acquired cutaneous disorder occurring after skin inflammation or injury. It is chronic and is more common and severe in darker-skinned individuals (Fitzpatrick skin types III–VI). While the condition typically improves spontaneously, this process can take months to years, necessitating prolonged treatment. Combination therapy is the most effective.
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation é uma sequela comum da inflamação cutânea. Tende a afetar indivíduos de pele mais escura, com maior severidade e frequência. Estudos mostram que postinflammatory hyperpigmentation está entre os principais motivos pelos quais pessoas com tons de pele mais escuros procuram atendimento dermatológico. O tratamento precoce é crucial para a resolução da condição e geralmente começa com o manejo da inflamação inicial. A primeira linha de tratamento normalmente envolve o uso de agentes tópicos clareadores, associados ao protetor solar para proteção. Esses agentes – hydroquinone, azelaic acid, kojic acid, arbutin, licorice extracts – podem reduzir efetivamente a pigmentação excessiva. Além disso, retinoids, mequinol, ascorbic acid, niacinamide, N‑acetyl glucosamine e soy também são utilizados como despigmentantes, e novos tratamentos vêm surgindo. Embora os tratamentos tópicos sejam geralmente eficazes para hiperpigmentação superficial, procedimentos (laser, chemical peel) podem ser necessários em casos persistentes. É importante ter cautela com esses procedimentos para evitar irritação e agravamento do postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation is a common sequelae of inflammatory dermatoses that tends to affect darker skinned patients with greater frequency and severity. Epidemiological studies show that dyschromias, including postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, are among the most common reasons darker racial/ethnic groups seek the care of a dermatologist. The treatment of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation should be started early to help hasten its resolution and begins with management of the initial inflammatory condition. First-line therapy typically consists of topical depigmenting agents in addition to photoprotection including a sunscreen. Topical tyrosinase inhibitors, such as hydroquinone, azelaic acid, kojic acid, arbutin, and certain licorice extracts, can effectively lighten areas of hypermelanosis. Other depigmenting agents include retinoids, mequinol, ascorbic acid, niacinamide, N-acetyl glucosamine, and soy with a number of emerging therapies on the horizon. Topical therapy is typically effective for epidermal postinflammatory hyperpigmentation; however, certain procedures, such as chemical peeling and laser therapy, may help treat recalcitrant hyperpigmentation. It is also important to use caution with all of the above treatments to prevent irritation and worsening of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation is a common sequelae of inflammatory dermatoses that tends to affect darker skinned patients with greater frequency and severity. Epidemiological studies show that dyschromias, including postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, are among the most common reasons darker racial/ethnic groups seek the care of a dermatologist. The treatment of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation should be started early to help hasten its resolution and begins with management of the initial inflammatory condition. First-line therapy typically consists of topical depigmenting agents in addition to photoprotection including a sunscreen. Topical tyrosinase inhibitors, such as hydroquinone, azelaic acid, kojic acid, arbutin, and certain licorice extracts, can effectively lighten areas of hypermelanosis. Other depigmenting agents include retinoids, mequinol, ascorbic acid, niacinamide, N-acetyl glucosamine, and soy with a number of emerging therapies on the horizon. Topical therapy is typically effective for epidermal postinflammatory hyperpigmentation; however, certain procedures, such as chemical peeling and laser therapy, may help treat recalcitrant hyperpigmentation. It is also important to use caution with all of the above treatments to prevent irritation and worsening of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.
